The Bank of Japan's quarterly Tankan survey showed an improvement in the key diffusion indices for large companies view on the economic outlook. Although still showing an overall negative outlook, the increase over the March survey was the largest recorded. The index for large manufacturers jumped to -18 from -38 and for large non-manufacturers to -16 from -22. Smaller companies remained far less optimistic about the economy, with manufacturers still more pessimistic than non-manufacturers.